Nucleic acids are complex biological molecules that store and transmit genetic information in all living organisms. They are essential for the survival and reproduction of life on Earth. The two main ...

Nucleotides are the building blocks of the two nucleic acids, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). As such, they are also the building blocks of you and every other lifeform on ...

To obtain high-quality, purified nucleic acids, scientists can use several different methods, including phenol-chloroform extraction, cesium chloride/ethidium bromide (CsCl/EtBr) gradient ...

The chemical origin of life on Earth is a puzzle that scientists have been trying to piece together for decades. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain how life came to be and what chemical and ...

Researchers from IOCB Prague have discovered a new type of substances capable of safely transporting various types of nucleic acids used for therapeutic purposes into cells, from basic building blocks ...

EVERYTHING ON Earth is made of atoms, most of which are closely packed together in the form of minerals. Life has its uses for minerals—ask a coral reef—but its essence lies in atoms arranged as ...

If you enjoyed this article, I’d like to ask for your support. Scientific American has served as an advocate for science and industry for 180 years, and right now may be the most critical moment in ...

Recent developments in nanoparticle-mediated cancer immunotherapy promote treatment with less toxicity. Cancer immunotherapy utilizes a patient’s immune system to target and destroy cancer. Many types ...

DNA and RNA are central to laboratory and clinical research, where quantifying their abundance is key to applications such as gene expression analysis, cell and gene therapy development, and ...