For more than a century, Neanderthals have been cast as a vanished side branch of the human family tree, a brief encounter in our deep past. The latest high resolution Neanderthal genome, combined ...

For years, scientists argued about whether Homo sapiens interbred with Neanderthal groups in Europe. The Oase fossils show that the two species did mix.

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For instance, a Neanderthal variant of a gene called H19 may have heightened their risk of hypertension, thus exacerbating the symptoms of preeclampsia. Other Neanderthal genes that regulate ...